Which of the following reflects anti-natalist policies?

Anti-natalist policies are strategies aimed at reducing birth rates and controlling population growth. The correct answer highlights a direct approach to limiting the number of births within a population. The one-child policy, implemented in China from 1979 to 2015, is a prominent example of this type of policy. It was enacted to address concerns about overpopulation and its associated social, environmental, and economic challenges. By restricting families to having only one child, the policy sought to curb population growth and alleviate pressure on resources and services.

Other options, such as increased maternity leave or financial incentives for families, are supportive measures that typically encourage childbearing or support current families rather than limit population growth. Similarly, support for child care enhances the life circumstances of families with children, which factors into a more supportive or pro-natalist framework rather than an anti-natalist approach. Thus, the one-child policy stands out as the defining example of anti-natalist policy.