Which of the following describes an open system?

An open system is characterized by its ability to exchange both matter and energy with its surroundings. This means that inputs and outputs can flow in and out of the system, allowing for interactions that can affect both the system itself and the larger environment it is a part of. For example, a forest ecosystem exchanges energy from sunlight and matter in the form of water, carbon dioxide, and organic matter with its surroundings, demonstrating the dynamic nature of open systems.

The other options describe different types of systems:

• A closed system exchanges energy but not matter, characterized by energy flow while containing its matter.

• A system that exchanges neither matter nor energy defines a completely isolated system, which does not interact with the external environment.

• The last option describes an isolated system but emphasizes that it has no interaction, which does not align with the concept of an open system. Thus, option C accurately reflects the definitions and characteristics of an open system, making it the correct choice.