What defines a system in the context of environmental science?

A system in the context of environmental science is accurately defined as an assemblage of parts and the relationship between them that constitutes a whole. This definition emphasizes the interconnectedness of various components within the system, illustrating how they interact to create a functioning entity. In environmental science, systems can include ecosystems, where biotic (living) and abiotic (non-living) factors interact dynamically. These interactions shape processes such as nutrient cycling, energy flow, and population dynamics, which are all crucial for the sustainability of the system as a whole. This view of a system highlights the importance of understanding both the individual components and the relationships that bind them, which is essential for managing environmental resources or studying ecological impacts.

In contrast, the other options do not fully encapsulate this concept. For instance, the idea of balance is too restrictive and doesn't necessarily reflect the dynamic and often unstable nature of many environmental systems. A single entity with no dependencies oversimplifies the reality, as most systems depend on many interrelated factors. Lastly, describing a system as a temporary configuration of elements neglects the notion that systems can be stable and long-standing, despite undergoing changes over time due to external influences or internal dynamics. Therefore, the comprehensive understanding of systems in environmental science hinges on